泛宇財經速報 貸款資訊知曉 10-06-2025

川普敦促房貸巨頭房利美和房地美推動停滯的住宅建設，呼籲抵押貸款機構促使大型建築商行動，但業界影響仍不確定

最近，美國前總統 川普（Donald Trump） 再次掀起房地產市場討論，他呼籲兩大抵押貸款機構——房利美（Fannie Mae）和房地美（Freddie Mac）——積極推動住宅建設，加速解決全美住房短缺問題。

▍“別再囤地了，該蓋房子！”

川普在他的社交平台 Truth Social 上發文，批評大型建築商“囤積了 200 萬塊空地”，創下歷史紀錄，並把這種行為比喻為 “OPEC 控油價”。

“他們是我的朋友，對美國的成功非常重要，但現在他們能獲得融資了，該開始建造房屋了。”

“我呼籲房利美和房地美帶動大型建築商行動起來，重燃美國夢！”

▍房屋庫存雖反彈，建商動力仍不足

根據美國人口普查局最新數據，截至 8 月底，全國待售新房約 49 萬套，比 7 月下降 1.4%，是今年以來的最低水準。
市場的「庫存月數」也從 7 月的 9 個月降至 7.4 個月，顯示買方吸收速度正在加快。

不過，即使庫存回升，建商仍缺乏擴建動力。川普政府一直把住房問題列為重點議題，除了推動降息，也力推房利美、房地美私有化，以提升房貸市場效率。

聯邦住房金融局（FHFA）局長 比爾·普爾特（Bill Pulte） 在川普指示下，主導了兩個機構的董事會改革，並引入新的信用評分體系 VantageScore 4.0。

▍房市放緩：賣家多、買家少

房地產數據公司 Redfin 指出，雖然 8 月庫存較去年同期增加 10.6% 至 210 萬套，但賣家比買家多出 50 萬人，市場交易趨冷。

建商也紛紛出招止跌：

· 39% 建商降價出售（創疫情結束後最高比例）

· 65% 提供促銷優惠（例如貸款補助或裝修補助）

而根據美國人口普查局與住房與城市發展部（HUD）數據，8 月新屋開工量年化為 131 萬套，環比下降 8.5%，較去年同期下滑 6%。

▍業界擔憂：融資政策能否真刺激建商？

儘管川普喊話聲勢浩大，但房利美和房地美如何「實質」刺激建商開工仍不明確。
多位專家認為，目前房市的真正瓶頸在於：

· 高利率環境壓抑購屋需求

· 嚴格的土地與建造審批制度延緩供應

· 建造成本上漲侵蝕利潤空間

換句話說，即使融資更寬鬆，建商是否願意“真蓋房”，仍是個問號。

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