財經零距離 – 1/13/2023
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【市場更新】
1.本週公布的十二月消費者物價指數較前一年度同期上漲6.5%,連續六個月上升速度趨緩。市場興奮地認為聯準會一定會放緩升息的腳步,甚至降息,帶動市場進一步的上漲。
- 市場強碰聯準會: 聯準會官員在之後幾天的說法不一,有人認為聯準會基本利率應該要超過5%,有人認為應該停在4.25%~4.5%區間,但不管那一個都高於目前水準。可以說聯準會的態度是持續升息,只是對於升息幅度有不同意見。而針對市場不相信聯準會這件事,聯準會官員Neel Kashkari半開玩笑地說,市場想要挑戰聯準會,但他很確定市場一定會賭輸。
- 聯準會仍在合理化升息: 其實我們看到聯準會正忽視物價受控制的組成項目,企圖用客製化的指數來證明通貨膨脹還沒受控制,以合理化升息的決定。所以即使物價指數是朝對的方向前進,聯準會可能依然不會立即暫停升息或者降息。有分析師甚至預期聯準會不樂見市場的樂觀心態,很有可能升息0.5%。
- 市場過度樂觀是更大隱憂: 除了市場強碰聯準會,短期內市場碰到的另一個問題是市場過度樂觀,Bed, Bath & Beyond傳出可能宣告破產,但五天內股價漲了300%,讓我們有重見GameStop狂熱的感覺。而波動率指數VIX(也被稱為恐慌指數)自12月初後再度跌破20,顯示投資人十分地安逸。
- 投機型的投資應見好就收: 在去年12月VIX跌破20後,VIX迅速上升,股價下跌。特別是標普500已經再次挑戰200日均線失敗,目前看來短期內股市的上檔空間有限,但下檔風險大,建議投機型的投資見好就收。
- 美元是值得注意的標的: 美元在過去一段時間隨著股市穩定貶值,可能已經接近這一波的谷底,有美元需求的投資人可以開始考慮買進美元。
2. 另一個市場浮現的奇妙現象是大家高喊經濟衰退,但是股市一片欣欣向榮。也有部分人士原本認為會有2023會有經濟衰退,但在今年突然縮手,認為仍會軟著陸(諾貝爾經濟學獎得主Paul Krugman)或是即使經濟衰退也不會太嚴重(JP Morgan Chase CEO Jamie Dimon),調查也顯示許多CEO表示雖然他們預期經濟衰退將發生,但不會歷時太長,所以並沒有大規模裁員的計畫(還是有企業裁員,但規模沒有想像中大)。
- 經濟衰退照道理不會發生在大家都預期經濟衰退會發生的時候,這是我們在預期今年會發生經濟衰退的最大矛盾點,所以看到市場上其實並沒有普遍相信經濟衰退發生,反而是增強了我們的信心。
- 同樣的,之後最有可能發生的情境是在經濟衰退沒有被宣布前,聯準會即宣布降息,市場一片歡欣鼓舞,認為已不存在經濟衰退的風險,之後在企業獲利衰退的消息下,重創投資人信心。這也是為什麼我們建議今年採取較防禦型股票投資的原因。
【疫情更新】
中國開放對自身及全球經濟的影響持續引發討論,部分人士擔心中國勞工將面臨裁員、欠薪等不確定因素,而之前嚴格的防疫政策已影響地方政府的財政狀況。
圖片來源:網絡,版權歸原作者
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