財經零距離 – 4/02/2021

Categories: 家族辦公室, 金融時事Published On: April 2nd, 202111.1 min readViews: 16715
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【市場更新】

1. 家族辦公室Archego無力追繳保證金,導致諸多銀行出售$200億美元的股票,引發部分媒體股及中國企業在美上市的股票價格大幅波動(Viacom CBS股價上週五在沒有特定新聞影響下下跌27%),家族辦公室這個名詞瞬間成為大家注目的焦點。

  • 家族辦公室指的是高淨值家族自己成立公司聘請專業團隊管理資產,在美國已有多年歷史。一般的家族辦公室通常著重於財富傳承,在投資時多著重於分散風險、穩定成長。
  • 另一方面,在美國推動Dodd-Frank法案後,許多對沖基金經理人認為過多的法令限制不符成本,紛紛退還投資人資本、轉型成家族辦公室管理自己的資產。Archego的創辦人Bill Hwang原先也是對沖基金經理人,在涉及內線交易後成立Archego家族辦公室。這類的家族辦公室因為創辦人本身具備金融背景,在沒有法規限制及投資人壓力下,可能採取與對沖基金時相同甚至更積極的投資策略。
  • 據媒體推測,Archego自有資本約$100億美元,並同時與多家券商/銀行承作總計$500億美元的總報酬交換(Total Return Swap, TRS)合約。在TRS這個衍生性金融商品下,Archego得以高槓桿進行保證金交易。但因為原本投資的媒體股及中國企業在美上市的股票價格下跌,無力追繳保證金下引發券商/銀行清算部位。
  • 雖然Archego有可能損失全部的資本、部分券商/銀行必須打消壞帳,但目前看來該公司交易失利對整體市場影響有限。
  • 提醒大家:
    • 不要過度槓桿: 不是每個人都有$100億美元可以虧,但任何人都可能因為槓桿在市場下跌時損失慘重,五倍槓桿會將原本20%的損失放大為100%,而20%的損失在股市並不罕見。
    • 分散風險: 許多人在過去一年選到了飆股有巨額的獲利,但當市場反轉時也可能帶來重大的損失。集中投資或許可以讓人致富,但只有分散風險才能守住財富。
    • 「股票只漲不跌」的錯誤心態連專業投資人都難以避免: 銀行遭受損失不稀奇,但通常重大損失來自交易員錯誤假設投資是安全的,像這類明知高風險但依然發生的重大損失相對少見。除了顯示銀行可能因為高額的手續費收入而低估風險外,也可能代表「股票只漲不跌」的想法已潛移默化在大部分投資人心中。
    • 高淨值家族在選擇家族辦公室專業團隊時要慎選投資策略/經理人,不要為了短期的獲利而忽略了長期財富傳承的目標。

2. 政府決定將原本$4兆的基礎建設法案分拆成兩部分,拜登總統於週三時公布了第一部分$2兆美元的細節,內容集中在改善美國的道路、鐵路及公共事業。該法案同時受到國會兩黨挑戰: 部分民主黨人士認為該法案未包含州稅及地方稅可抵聯邦稅的內容,共和黨則是反對加稅。

【疫情更新】

1. 美國確診病例增加,CDC的主任擔心第四波疫情可能到來,但住院治療及死亡人數在疫苗持續施打下減少。

2. 法國宣布將封鎖至四月底以限制病毒擴散。

【救市措施】

1. 政府延長保護房客不受房東驅離的法令直到6/30。

2. 部分民主黨參議員建議在基礎建設法案中加入部分長期紓困的內容。

圖片來源:網絡,版權歸原作者
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