財經零距離 – 8/13/2021
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【市場更新】
- 在通過$1兆美元的基礎建設法案並送交眾議院審議後，參議院通過$3.5兆美元的基礎建設預算架構，預計將在8月休會期間協商具體內容並於九月十五日前由委員會送交參議院決議。該基礎建設法案將著重於拜登總統對抗貧窮及氣候變遷的政策，而財源將主要來自針對富人及企業加稅。
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- 目前已知的可能加稅內容包括企業所得稅率由21%上升為28%。此外，針對適用最高所得稅稅率的富人，稅率可能由37%提高至39.6%。而所得超過一百萬美元的家庭，長期資本利得稅率可能由現行的20%提高至39.6%。至於取消1031不動產交換資本利得稅遞延的優惠雖然尚未在本次預算案中被提出，但也是政府可能採取的加稅措施。
- 許多人可能覺得自己與「富人」二字無緣，即使真的加稅通過也不關自己的事，但一個有租金收入的家庭，如果未來真的所有不利的加稅法案都通過，在出售房屋時很有可能所得超過一百萬美元(在房價高的加州並不是很高的門檻)，就要適用39.6%的最高稅率，另外還有3.8%的歐巴馬健保的附加稅，如果是住在加州州稅較重的地區，聯邦加州稅可能接近60%。
- 沒有人能準確預測未來確切的法令內容，我們也不認為大部分的加稅法案會被通過，但大方向上美國的財政赤字將導致未來整體稅率提高機率大增。對於投資人而言，不妨檢視自己的投資組合及收入來源是否過度集中於特定的金融資產，如果是的話可以考慮適度分散風險，避免法令變更帶來的衝擊。另外在投資上，除了單純追求投資報酬外，也要注重稅務規劃，以追求較高的稅後淨報酬。在投資時應優先利用免稅或緩稅的帳戶，除了大部分民眾都可以利用的退休帳戶(IRA, 401k, etc.)，針對高淨值家庭也有可以將股票帳戶放進保險政策達到免所得稅效果的PPLI (Private Placement Life Insurance)可考慮。當然每個人狀況不同，最好是讓專業人士分析你的財務狀況後提供建議。
- 除了對個人影響外，大規模的基礎建設法案也可能與之前提過的債務上限掛勾，共和黨參議員已表達不願配合民主黨提高債務上限的態度，雖然主要目的是增加日後談判的籌碼以及兩黨的選舉考量，但不論通過與否都可能成為市場注目的焦點。
【疫情更新】
- 疫苗施打率偏低的地區持續遭受Delta變種影響，美國德州確診住院人數暴增，中國寧波舟山港發現確診案例後已採取封閉管控，該港是世界第三大港，也是中國最大外貿港口。澳洲也創下疫情以來最高確診人數紀錄。
圖片來源：網絡，版權歸原作者
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